Even with the generous $5 million estate tax exemption under current law (indexed to $5.25 million for 2013 and $5.34 million for 2014), some heirs will still be walloped by the federal estate tax. When the tax applies, the rate is a flat 40%.
With the installment method, the family can stretch out payments for as long as 14 years if business interests comprise a substantial portion of the deceased’s estate.